Which tests are commonly performed to assess fetal well-being in cases of drug exposure?

In assessing fetal well-being, particularly in cases of drug exposure, non-stress tests (NST) and biophysical profiles (BPP) are commonly employed because they offer valuable insights into the fetus's health without being invasive.

The non-stress test involves monitoring the fetal heart rate to determine if it responds adequately to fetal movements, indicating proper oxygenation and health. A reactive NST, where the fetal heart rate accelerates with movement, suggests that the fetus is doing well.

The biophysical profile goes further by combining ultrasound assessments with the NST results, measuring five criteria: fetal movement, fetal tone, fetal breathing movements, amniotic fluid volume, and the NST. This comprehensive approach provides an overall picture of fetal health and is particularly important when there has been exposure to substances that may affect the fetus.

These methods are preferred because they focus on directly evaluating fetal responses and conditions, making them particularly relevant in situations where drug exposure might compromise fetal well-being. They also help in timely interventions if any issues are identified.