What is the definition of antimicrobials?

Antimicrobials are defined as compounds that inhibit the growth of or kill microorganisms, which includes bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. This definition underscores the primary function of antimicrobials in both treating infections and preventing the spread of pathogens. They can work through various mechanisms, such as disrupting cell walls, interfering with nucleic acid synthesis, or inhibiting metabolic pathways essential for the microorganism's survival.

Understanding this definition is crucial in the context of midwifery, as it helps in recognizing appropriate treatments for infections that may affect pregnant individuals or newborns. The focus is on the ability of these compounds to address infections without necessarily enhancing microbial growth, which is not a characteristic of antimicrobials, nor do they exclusively target fungal infections or enhance human cell functions.