What is disulfiram primarily used for?

Disulfiram is primarily used to manage alcohol addiction. It functions by inhibiting the enzyme acetaldehyde dehydrogenase, which leads to the accumulation of acetaldehyde when alcohol is consumed. This causes unpleasant reactions, such as flushing, nausea, and palpitations, effectively discouraging individuals from drinking alcohol. This aversive response can help individuals with alcohol use disorder stay abstinent and support their recovery.

The other options do not accurately reflect the primary use of disulfiram. It is not used for treating opioid addiction, relieving anxiety disorders, or enhancing sleep during pregnancy. Each of these conditions requires different pharmacological interventions that are specifically designed to address their unique pathophysiology and symptoms.