What are the common routes of drug administration in pregnant women?

The correct choice highlights the most common and effective routes of drug administration that are used for pregnant women, which include oral, intravenous, intramuscular, and subcutaneous.

The oral route is widely used due to its convenience and patient compliance, allowing for medications to be absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract. Intravenous administration provides rapid delivery of medications directly into the bloodstream, useful in situations where immediate effects are necessary or when a precise dosage is required. Intramuscular injections also facilitate quicker absorption compared to oral administration, often used when oral medications are not suitable, such as in cases of nausea or vomiting. The subcutaneous route can be used for shorter-acting medications as well as for continuous infusion of certain medications.

Other options may include routes that are used less frequently or in specific circumstances, but the listed routes in the correct choice cover the primary and most commonly employed methods for drug administration during pregnancy. These methods consider both efficacy and the safety of drug delivery for both the mother and developing fetus.